Fsx When Landed How Do You Know to Exit Rt or Lt Off of Runway

March 11, 2022 Post a Comment

Installation and tuning guide for Microsoft Flight Simulator X (FSX). Learning to read Jeppesen schemes - Tutorial Download airport layouts for fsx

Because in January of this year, the unabridged FS line squad was disbanded. So we volition hardly wait for the 11th version, although there are rumors that the development team has founded their own studio. And also Aerosoft does not sleep, and in October announced Aerosoft Flight Simulator 2012! The project is developing in its infancy. And while it remains only to wait, I decided to certificate all the experience gained in installing and using FSX, choosing the necessary add-ons to increment realism, tweaking FSX to increase FPS, and in general, try to squeeze the most out of what is left of this wonderful airplane. -simulator. Anyone who is interested in this topic - delight, under the cut (carefully, 10MB of pictures!).

Before starting the article, I desire to immediately annotation that FSX and virtually all add-ons, which will be discussed below - paid... Therefore, whatever you like, you need to buy, considering the simulation industry is not easy anyhow. Even so, if for some proficient reason you cannot afford to purchase this or that product, or only want to first evaluate its capabilities, everything described here (and likewise the carriage and trolley) can be institute. And further. Almost all FSX optimization tips have already been described here and there piece past piece on the cyberspace. I only put everything on the shelves. If you disagree with something or want to add something - delight, comments are welcome! And so:

FSX is quite demanding on computer resources. And no matter what computer you have, in the end, everything will run into a compromise of "realism or FPS". The math here is simple: the more add together-ons you put in and the better the shipping model you employ, the less FPS you lot get. Therefore, I desire to immediately voice the minimum (in my opinion) arrangement requirements that can give a high-quality and pleasant picture with reasonable FPS:

Os: Windows XP, Windows Vista or Windows 7 (I recommend the latter)
CPU: Intel Cadre Duo / Quad (or meliorate), 2GHz or college. The more GHz the ameliorate, the number of cores on FPS in FSX has practically no effect. AMD, of course, will also pull information technology, only I am non familiar with their processors.
Memory: 2GB and above... Memory speed affects FPS, so it's better to take intendance of frequency and timings.
HDD: any modern hard drive with free volume at least 100 GB.
Video card: Preferably from nVidia as radeon users sometimes have issues. GeForce 8800 GT or better. Besides, it is preferable to accept a higher GPU frequency and more memory (256MB - minimum, 512MB - good, 1024MB - excellent) than doing SLI or buying absurd multi-core video cards.
Joystick: a joystick is required for the game! Which one is upwards to you lot, I personally use Logitech Extreme 3D Pro and am very pleased with it. Ideally, yous can fifty-fifty purchase a steering wheel :)

For example, I tin cite my configuration, which is quite modest nowadays: Core Duo E6750 (2.6GHz), 2GB RAM (OCZ), GeForce 8800GT, Hitachi 500GB. On this configuration FSX produces: on the ground from ten to 40 FPS, depending on the aerodrome, aircraft and weather condition weather condition; in flight from 15 to 60 FPS. For those who are afraid of 10-15 FPS, I can add that this happens quite rarely, and below 20 FPS, I see merely ii-5% of the entire flight time. Plus, fifteen FPS in an shipping simulator is far from the aforementioned as 15 FPS in some NFS or GTA :) And the quality of the graphics can be assessed by the screenshots provided at the end of the article. arrangement requirements, and then you can first installing the game.

FSX installation

Installing the simulator consists of ii steps:

Installing the basic version of Flight Simulator Ten (comes on two DVDs). After installation, it is advisable to get-go the simulator, enter the game and exit to initiate the cosmos of configuration files.
Installing the "Overclocking" add-on (some other DVD). This is a very Important stride, considering the add-on includes the necessary service pack with a bunch of resolved issues. Afterward installation, information technology is recommended to restart the computer, and and so, to be sure, run the simulator once.

Setting options inside FSX

There are quite a few different settings in the game. I volition simply bear upon those that can bear on the quality of graphics and FPS. I am non suggesting that these settings are the MOST optimal. There is no such thing. For 1 computer they are one, for another they are different. This option is recommended to be used as a starting indicate, then that later you can tweak information technology if you accept an FPS reserve, or vice versa, a shortage.

Beneath I provide screenshots of all tabs with settings. Bones settings:

It is better to plough off DirectX 10, this mode, unfortunately, has not been fully finalized, which promises some issues.

Mural:

Weather:

Air traffic. Everything here is private and depends on what kind of traffic you have, the default or a separate addon. Merely in any instance, the rule is standard: the more objects in the game, the less FPS. Yous judge the level of realism yourself.

After applying all the settings, the full general settings window in FSX should expect like this:

For more than realism, I highly recommend going to the "Realism" section and tweaking a few sliders there. the default ones are worthless:

The principal thing is that the "General" slider is at the maximum, as required past many manufacturers of LA models. At present exit the simulator so that the settings are saved to a file. Then run it again to make sure the settings are loaded successfully. Now close the simulator once again, because now it will exist necessary to right several lines manually in the chief FSX config: fsx.cfg. This file is located in the folder custom settings Windows i.e. in the "C: \ Documents and Settings \ YOURNAME \ Application Information \ Microsoft \ FSX" or "C: \ Users \ YOURNAME \ AppData \ Roaming \ Microsoft \ FSX" depending on your Windows version. In society not to bother with the paths, yous can only select the "Run" command in the start-up and enter the line there:

notepad% APPDATA% / Microsoft / FSX / fsx.cfg

The config will automatically open in notepad in any version of Windows. Do not forget to save a re-create of the file, only in case, if y'all go wrong somewhere. We need to alter (if the parameter is already nowadays in the file) or add the following parameters:

TEXTURE_BANDWIDTH_MULT = seventy

TEXTURE_MAX_LOAD = 4096

DisablePreload = 1
FIBER_FRAME_TIME_FRACTION = 0.33

TERRAIN_MAX_AUTOGEN_TREES_PER_CELL = 1200
TERRAIN_MAX_AUTOGEN_BUILDINGS_PER_CELL = g

PoolSize = 12000000

Let me explain what each means:

TEXTURE_BANDWIDTH_MULT	Controls the "speed" of loading textures into memory. The recommended value is 70-80 (default is 30). If the simulator slows down when turning the camera, try setting a higher value (maximum 400).
TEXTURE_MAX_LOAD	The maximum size of supported textures. This parameter is required for the King addon and (mayhap) other addons. 4096 is the maximum.
DisablePreload	The simulator will not load the flight past default every time it starts, which allows y'all to slightly increase the loading speed of the game.
FIBER_FRAME_TIME_FRACTION	The parameter determines the ratio of the processor time required for loading the scene and rendering. For instance, 0.33 in this instance means that near 30% of the CPU time will be spent on loading the scene, and the remaining 70% will be spent on rendering. Recommended sample values are in the region of 0.05 - 0.66
TERRAIN_MAX_AUTOGEN_TREES_PER_CELL	The number of copse for landscape machine-generation. Large and e values significantly reduce FPS. You can experiment, the range of optimal values varies from 800 to 3000.
TERRAIN_MAX_AUTOGEN_BUILDINGS_PER_CELL	The same, it only determines the number of 3D buildings when the mural is automobile-generated.
PoolSize	This parameter determines the size of the buffer for texture memory in order to "pull" the necessary texture from there in fourth dimension. Some people write that information technology significantly affects the quality of rendering, objects and textures announced more smoothly, without jerking, if yous gear up a value of 12,000,000 or even more (in bytes). If you lot have a video card with 512+ megabytes of memory, yous tin can try to play around in search of the optimal value.

Later saving your changes, run the simulator to evaluate the impact of the tweaked settings. To measure the quality of graphics and FPS, I have always used Brisbane Airport - Australia (ICAO lawmaking: YBBN). Cull 1 aircraft and board at this airport (Free flight -> Location -> Change -> Past drome code -> YBBN).
To squeeze out the maximum CPU time for FSX, you can run it with a higher priority. To practice this, create a .bat file and insert the following line there, substituting the full path to the fsx.exe file:

start / HIGH J: \ GAMES \ FSX \ fsx.exe

Installing nHancer to fine melody nVidia video cards

If you ain a GeForce, the nHancer utility will requite you much more than options for fine-tuning graphics than their standard control panel in the Windows Control Panel. The utility is completely gratuitous and can be used to customize the graphics in any other game. You can download it (I used version 2.v.7). Also, I advise you to download the latest drivers from the nVidia website. After starting the program, find the profile "MS Flight Simulator Ten" in the listing, select information technology, make sure that the detail "Profile" is active and adapt the graphics according to the following recommended values (make changes in the right role of the window ):

In the "Global" department, it is also necessary to correct several values:

Subsequently all the manipulations, you can close the programme, it is no longer needed, not in the tray, anywhere. The settings are already saved globally. Although, of course, no one forbids you to play with the parameters yourself, especially with the anti-aliasing level, there may be more than optimal parameters for your video carte du jour. Restart your computer and endeavor the new settings in action.

Setting upward the shader version

To configure the shader version, we demand to tweak some other FSX configuration file - display.cfg, which is located in the ROOT directory of the simulator. I accept it "J: \ GAMES \ FSX". Just outset, nosotros need the dxdiag utility that comes with Windows. To run information technology, merely type "dxdiag" in "First-> Run". In the window that appears, click on the "Save all information ..." push and relieve the resulting dxdiag.txt file to any binder.
At present open up both files (dxdiag.txt and display.cfg) in notepad for editing and create (if not similar yet) a department in the following format:
The example is given for the GF 8800 GT carte du jour, but it should work for ATI cards likewise. After these manipulations, you lot may notice a small increase in FPS and water rendering quality.

Installing addons that IMPORTANTLY better the graphics and realism of the simulator

FSX - very expert simulator, but he is all the same far from reality :) Therefore, on the network y'all tin can find hundreds of add-ons that can add new photorealistic landscapes to the game (in fact, the texture of the earth in the form of satellite photos), real clouds, real weather condition atmospheric condition, models of almost all real aircraft, well-nigh of which are 100% complete, i.e. whatsoever lever or switch volition work like a existent car, air traffic and many other interesting things. Below I requite a list of the most necessary add-ons (in my opinion) that significantly transform the simulator. I recommend installing in club, starting the simulator afterward the installation of each improver is completed:

FS Global 2010- replaces the default mesh (mesh) of the earth'southward surface with a more detailed one with a resolution of up to ix meters! .. Here are screenshots for comparing:

FSX by default:

FS Global 2010:

The photograph:

Addon size: about 24GB! I desire to add that FS Global 2010 is much meliorate than the previous version - FS Global 2008, so look for the latest version.
Ultimate Terrain Ten Europe- makes the European part more detailed. Adds textures, route markings and more. Addon size: one.5GB. There are besides versions for the U.s.a. and Canada.
Basis Environment Ten Europe / USA / Canada- The all-time addon to replace the standard state textures for Europe, Us and Canada. Tin can be used in conjunction with Ultimate Terrain Ten because it contains only country classes (roads, lakes, bridges, residential areas, etc.). Addon size: ~ 3.0GB.
ORBX Australia is a smashing addon that will make the unabridged Australian mainland photorealistic. The addon consists of four parts (north, s, middle and west). Addon size: 3.5GB.
Other scenes- In that location are likewise LOTS of unlike scenarios for different parts of the earth and countries. For example, the Hawaii script from Megascenery. You tin also notice a cloud of detailed airports, you tin can go on the listing yourself, only get to the simmarket and wait for what you lot personally like.
Real Surroundings Farthermost (REX)- perhaps the best addon for adding photorealistic clouds and atmospheric condition weather, equally well as stunning h2o! At the same time, FPS does non squander much. Addon size: version 1.0 - 4GB, plus update to 2.0 - 100MB. Has a built-in weather condition engine that can load real weather in and around the drome of your option.
MyTraffic 5.2- creates more realistic traffic in airports and in the heaven (looks similar this). FPS does non waste matter much. Includes a bunch of different aircraft models with real airline liveries. I want to note that there are other traffic options for FSX, for instance, "World of AI Traffic", "Morten" s AI Traffic v2.two ", etc. For me personally, traffic does not play such an important office, and so I did not compare all of these products, just opted for MyTraffic, near 1GB in size.
FsPassengers- the improver allows you to create a virtual airline, purchase virtual planes, transport virtual passengers and earn virtual money on it :) It is made quite high-quality, you tin hire a coiffure on lath, feed passengers in flying and much more interesting things. With this add-on it will exist much more interesting to fly offline.
FSUIPC- a small add together-on for the FSX SDK, which is required for some add-ons so that they can connect to the simulator for data exchange (fifty-fifty over the network on a separate reckoner).
FlightSim Commander eight.five- a program for planning a flight route. Of course, yous can plan a route in the built-in planner in the simulator itself, but in FSC, in my opinion, this is done much more conveniently. Hither you lot tin easily plot a route along VOR beacons, see a map of the airport (taxiways, gates) and more than:

Plan a route, salve it to a .pln file, open up it in FSX and fly. If you want even more realism, yous tin can use real Jeppesen maps (Jeppview software), which are used by existent pilots. The maps comprise all the necessary information: SID / STAR schemes, ILS approach, VOR, DME, GPS, taxiway markings and then on. The program looks similar this:

Additional aircraft- a lot of shipping and helicopter models have been created for FSX. There are fifty-fifty space shuttles :) Of the light aircraft, I peculiarly want to note the following:

RealAir Beechcraft Duke B60- My favorite:)

Carenado C172n

IRIS Pro Christen Eagle

(39) AERODROME GROUND TRAFFIC CHART - ICAO
(41) Airdrome GROUND TRAFFIC AND AIRCRAFT PARKING CHART - ICAO
(42) Drome Basis TRAFFIC AND AIRCRAFT PARKING Nautical chart - ICAO
(43) AERODROME GROUND TRAFFIC AND AIRCRAFT PARKING CHART - ICAO
(44) AERODROME Ground TRAFFIC AND AIRCRAFT PARKING Chart - ICAO
(55) Area Nautical chart - ICAO (DEPARTURE ROUTES)
(56) Area Chart - ICAO (Inflow ROUTES)
(57) ATS MINIMUM RELATIVE HEIGHTS OVERVIEW MAP
(59) STANDARD DEPARTURE ROUTES Musical instrument - (SID). WFP 32P / 32, 14L / 14, 32L, 14P
(69) STANDARD Divergence Chart Instrument (SID) - ICAO. Runway 14L, 14
(70) STANDARD Difference CHART INSTRUMENT (SID) - ICAO. Runway 32P, 32
(71) STANDARD DEPARTURE CHART Musical instrument (SID) - ICAO WFP 14P
(72) STANDARD Departure CHART Instrument (SID) - ICAO. WFP 32L
(77) STANDARD ARRIVAL ROUTES INSTRUMENT - (STAR). WFP 14P / 14, 32L / 32
(87) STANDARD ARRIVAL CHART INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 14P, xiv
(88) STANDARD ARRIVAL Chart Musical instrument (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 14P, 14
(89) STANDARD Arrival CHART Musical instrument (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 14P, fourteen
(90) STANDARD Inflow CHART Instrument (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 14P, fourteen
(91) STANDARD Arrival CHART INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 32L, 32
(92) STANDARD ARRIVAL CHART INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 32L, 32
(93) STANDARD ARRIVAL Chart INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. Runway 32L, 32
(94) STANDARD ARRIVAL CHART INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. WFP 14P, 32L
(97) INSTRUMENT APPROACH CHART - ICAO. ILS. Runway 14P KAT I / II / IIIA
(98) INSTRUMENT APPROACH Chart - ICAO. ILS. RWY 32L KAT I
(99) INSTRUMENT APPROACH CHART - ICAO. ILS. RWY xiv KAT I
(100) Instrument APPROACH Chart - ICAO. ILS. Rails 32 KAT I
(101) Musical instrument Arroyo CHART - ICAO. VOR. WFP 14P
(102) INSTRUMENT APPROACH Chart - ICAO. VOR. WFP 32L
(135) COORDINATES OF WAYPOINTS By RNAV (GNSS) (PZ-ninety.02)
(145) STANDARD Inflow ROUTES Instrument - (STAR). WFP xiv, 14L, 14P, 32, 32P, 32L
(147) STANDARD ARRIVAL Chart Instrument (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 32L, 32P
(148) STANDARD ARRIVAL CHART Musical instrument (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). Rails 14P, 14L, xiv
(149) STANDARD Arrival Chart INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 32L, 32P
(150) STANDARD Inflow CHART Musical instrument (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 14P, 14L
(151) STANDARD Arrival Nautical chart Musical instrument (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). Runway 32
(152) STANDARD Inflow Nautical chart INSTRUMENT (STAR) - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). Runway 14
(157) Musical instrument APPROACH CHART - ICAO. GLS. WFP 14P
(158) INSTRUMENT Arroyo Nautical chart - ICAO. GLS. WFP 32L
(159) INSTRUMENT APPROACH CHART - ICAO. GLS. Rails fourteen
(160) INSTRUMENT Arroyo Chart - ICAO. GLS. Runway 32
(161) INSTRUMENT Approach CHART - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 14P
(162) INSTRUMENT Arroyo Chart - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 32L
(163) INSTRUMENT APPROACH Chart - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). Runway xiv
(164) INSTRUMENT APPROACH Chart - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). Track 32
(165) Instrument Arroyo Chart - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 14L
(166) Instrument APPROACH Nautical chart - ICAO. RNAV (GNSS). WFP 32P

Scenario name	Scenario blazon	Flight simulator nine	Flight simulator x	Prepar3D v2	Prepar3D v3	Prepar3D v4	xPlane
Domodedovo (x-flying.su)	free
MDesign - Moscow Domodedovo FSX / P3D	paid
UUDD Moscow Domodedovo (RVV1973)	costless
UUDD Moscow Domodedovo (RVV1973) Convertation	free

Domodedovo(IATA: DME, ICAO: UUDD) — international Drome federal significance, one of the three primary airports in Moscow and the Moscow region, the 2d in terms of passenger traffic in the Russian Federation. Located on the edge of the urban district of Domodedovo and the Ramensky district of the Moscow region, 45 kilometers southeast of the centre of Moscow, 22 kilometers from the Moscow Band Road.

At the stop of 2015, information technology is the second largest Russian airport in terms of passenger turnover, and is likewise ane of the twenty busiest airports in Europe. Flights from Domodedovo Airdrome are operated by 52 airlines to 185 destinations effectually the world. Among the partners of the airport are 48 foreign airlines and 28 Russian ones.

The drome complex includes an airfield formed by two independent parallel runways (RWY-1 and RWY-2). They are located 2 kilometers from each other, which makes Domodedovo the only airport in the Moscow aviation hub capable of simultaneously performing independent take-off and landing operations on its lanes. Reconstruction of Runway-1 in 2009 made Domodedovo the showtime Russian airdrome with the chapters to receive a passenger airliner Airbus A380.

In 2014, the Federal Air Transport Agency fabricated a decision to build a new runway with a length of iii,800 k at Domodedovo airport. It volition be located 287.5 g north-east of the electric current rail-ii (parallel to it). During structure, the existing runway-two will go on to operate, which will preserve the aerodrome'due south chapters. Afterwards completion of construction, the designation of RWY-2, and the old RWY-2 will exist converted into a main taxiway.

Track	Dimensions, m	Hth, m	Takeoff / landing	Track category	DPRM	BPRM	ILS
14L	2370 × 53	167,8	135 °	RNAV simply	-	-	-
32R	2370 × 53	158,iii	315 °	RNAV only	-	-	-
14R	3500 × sixty	180,half dozen	135 °	Cat IIIA	320 (DM)	-	110.100 (IDM)
32L	3500 × 60	161,8	315 °	CAT I	659 (DO)	-	109.300 (IDO)
14*	3800 × lx	168,ii	135 °	-	-	-	-
32*	3800 × 60	159,4	315 °	-	-	-	-

* - under construction (runway is non working)

A VOR beacon with an operating frequency of 113.300, callsign DMD, was installed in the rails 32L alignment.

ATS communication facilities:

UUDD_R_APP- Domodedovo-Circle - 127.700

UUDD_1_TWR- Domodedovo Belfry (14R-32L) - 118.600

UUDD_2_TWR- Domodedovo Tower (14L-32R) - 119.700

UUDD_GND- Domodedovo-Apron - 119.000

UUDD_DEL- Domodedovo-Delivery - 129.150

UUDD_ATIS- Domodedovo-ATIS - 128.300

Responder code range: 1540-1577

:: Current]

Learning to read Jeppesen diagrams

For example, Pulkovo. Approach to the 28th right lane (the diagram is given as an example and is not currently relevant).

Let'south go. Map championship:

1. Airport code according to ICAO. His proper name.

2. Date of last revision.

4. City and country of the airport.

v. The procedure for which this card is intended.

Ring number.Communication (frequencies):

one. Frequency ATIS (Automatic Last Data Service) - an iron adult female, a voice recorded on a record and in a circle driving on the air such information about the aerodrome every bit: weather, working lanes and other useful data. 127.4 MHz in this case. In Russia it is besides called the "Meteo" service. This is how it sounds:

2 - 4. Arroyo control belfry frequencies. We piece of work with the "Approach" when budgeted the airfield expanse, when crossing the transition altitude. They report the conditions for entering the zone, the conditions for the execution of the approach (STAR). Upon departure, coordinate the leave point from the airport surface area.

2. Frequency used between 4 am and 8 pm for aircraft with a true sector heading of 360 to 180 degrees (easterly).

3. Frequency used betwixt iv am and eight pm for aircraft with a true sector heading of 180 to 360 degrees (westerly).

iv. Frequency used from viii pm to iv am (Greenwich Mean Fourth dimension, likewise known as GMT, also known as Zulu Time).

v. Frequency for communication with the nigh-field dispatcher. In that location is no "Circle" zone in the Western radio exchange organisation. The "Circle" service protects us at an altitude of 200 meters (the "Start" service operates below), assigns a safe altitude (usually 1800 meters) and gives instructions on how to leave the airfield area. This is at takeoff. When landing, the Circle clears the approach and adjusts its design.

6. Frequency for communication with the "Start" service. When taking off, she is asked for permission to take the executive and have off, and she gives us the conditions for leaving the drome area. When landing - we must declare our readiness for it or get-around. Expanse of responsibleness up to a height of 200 meters. Higher up is the area of responsibility of the "Circle" service. After landing and immigration the lane, nosotros contact this service, thank and say bye, switching to the "Taxiing" service.

7. Frequency for communication with the controller "Taxi" (Ground). At this frequency, permission is requested to start the engines and taxi. In this situation (landing), we must be informed of the taxi route and parking place.

Navigational messages and numbers:

ane. Frequency of the localizer. IPL - identifier - these three letters in Morse code are constantly transmitted on a given frequency.

2. NDB frequency. An asterisk (*) means this beacon is working intermittently. At Pulkovo, the take-off and landing direction is changed twice a twenty-four hours - I see this almost every mean solar day from my kitchen window.

vi. For ILS landing, determination pinnacle is 266 anxiety. "H" in brackets - peak - height above the aerodrome.

vii.440 feet - MDA (Minimum Descent Distance) - the minimum altitude to which a descent is allowed during an approach using inaccurate systems, in the absence of visual contact with landmarks.

8. Apt Elev - aerodrome elevation, in other words: the highest point of the rails. RWY is the rails meridian at the touchdown point in anxiety above ocean level.

9. Instructions for go-around.

10. MSA is the minimum safe altitude in the indicated sectors. "Aiport" - an indication that the drome is in the center of the circumvolve. The default circle radius is 25 miles.

eleven. It is written hither Additional Data concerning the procedure. Alt fix - setting the altimeter. Here, millimeters (MM) are used by default, and Hectopascals are used on need. QNH on req (QFE) - barometric pressure at sea level is provided by ATC on demand. Transition altitude - the peak of the transition. Below this distance, the altimeter is set to the pressure to a higher place sea level. Above is 29.92 inches Hg or 1013.25 Hectopascals (millibars) or 760 mm Hg. Transition level - transition level, where the altimeter is reset from 760 mm to the existent pressure at ocean level. FL 49 - 4900 ft. The i in the black circumvolve is a notation that nosotros volition call back a little afterwards.

The actual map

And hither are its details:

	Shown hither is VOR. From the footnote, nosotros understand that it refers to Petrograd. That its frequency is 113.4. That on this frequency 3 "SPB" symbols are transmitted in Morse code. Below is how it sounds: iii dots, dot-dash-dash-dot, etc. The letter of the alphabet "D" means the VOR is equipped with a DME organization.
	Marker combined with NDB. NDB is a circumvolve with three rows of dots. The marker is gray cigar-shaped bullshit. The shadow from the footnote (around the rectangle) indicates that this beacon is critical to navigation. On a footnote: the frequency of the beacon and the lawmaking that it broadcasts.
	ILS parameters: landing course, and ILS frequency.
	This was discussed above - in the "Navigation Letters and Numbers" department. Note refer to the indication of the crossing level. Echelon is 5900 anxiety if the pressure is betwixt 706 and 733 mm Hg. Echelon 6900 feet if force per unit area is below 706 mm.
	thirty-40 is part of the graticule. 30 degrees, 40 minutes eastward longitude. The painted belfry shows any alpine man-made structure. In our case, its height is 1022 feet. The bold arrow indicates that it is the tallest construction in the airfield expanse.
	The triangle denotes a point in the path (intersection). Its parameters are also described hither, which read as follows: At a distance of 11 nautical miles from VOR SPB, with a radial of 091 degrees, the peak should be 3020 feet (or 2954 above the cease of the strip).
	069 degrees is the course from the NDB to the next waypoint (intersection). 7.half-dozen is the altitude between these 2 points in miles.
	The dashed line indicates the boundaries of the no-fly or restricted expanse. The letter "P" ways that it is forbidden. If there was an "R" it would exist a restricted area. UL (P) -22 - proper noun (alphabetize) of the zone.
	Conversion table. The cavalcade on the left is the top to a higher place bounding main level in anxiety, and on the right is the height in a higher place the airfield in anxiety and meters.
	The dotted line shows the missed approach. The black solid does NOT at all hateful that you MUST follow it when landing. See the STAR map (more on that later). Here it is a recommendation for landing after go-around.

Landing contour

1. Follow the centre marker at a peak of at least 262 feet.

2. OSA - Obstacle Clearance Altitude - safe obstacle clearance - the minimum height above the threshold of the strip is 28 p. Each height for its category.

3. TSN 50 "- the pinnacle of crossing the threshold of the strip. 50 feet, therefore.

4. LMM - center marker. A shaded shape indicates a marker. Gray - NDB.

v. LOM - far marking. When crossing this indicate on the glide path, the distance should be 722 anxiety (656).

six. From LOM to missed approach point one mile. MAP - missed approach point. The point of departure is indicated by an pointer labeled "M". The second arrow - the one beneath - is the height of the determination.

7. The point of entry into the glide path (marked with a cantankerous). "D 7.5 SPB" - distance to VOR SPB - 7.v miles. 2040 - the height for entering the glide path.

eight. The arrow indicates that the LOM should be 730 feet for NDB boarding.

9. The numbers above the line (1.7 and 4.5) prove the distance between adjacent points. The numbers Nether the line (0.5 and 2.2) show the altitude to the strip threshold.

Conversion table, light markup and missed approach

i. The table shows the relationship between crafting speed and vertical landing speed. For instance, at 120 knots, the vertical speed should be 570 feet per infinitesimal. And after crossing the LOM signal, there is thirty seconds to the missed approach betoken.

ii. HIALS - High Intensity Approach Light System. The picture shows what kind of low-cal awaits us in forepart of the end of the strip.

three. Just some kind of comic (story in pictures) about a go-around. The comic reads like this: if Missed approach, then we gain an altitude of 2040 feet, while moving at a grade of 279. So nosotros make a left turn at NDB PL (frequency 525), for those who, according to the arrow, cannot determine where to the correct and where to the left, it is written: "LT" - Left Turn. Upon reaching PL, climb 3020 feet.

Landing minima

The current state of visibility in the terminal area is reported by ATIS. If the visibility is beneath the specified parameters, then, most likely, you will have to go to an alternate airfield.

i. Minima for ILS: conclusion meridian 266.
Total - fully switched on light strip markings.
ALS OUT - with the approach lights off.

two. RVR is the visibility range of the strip. That is, the range at which the pilot, who is on the axis of the track, can distinguish its markings.
VIS - visibility on the surface of the strip.

3. With the approach lights turned off, the minimum range of visibility of the strip is 1200 meters.

4. Landing by localizer (without activating GS) is prohibited.

5. Landing minima according to NDB. Here, in the left cavalcade, at that place is a gradation by category.

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Source: https://hungry-bags.ru/en/bilyard/rukovodstvo-po-ustanovke-i-tonkoi-nastroike-avia-simulyatora-microsoft-flight-simulator-x-fsx/

Roach Donentolon